Post-doctoral in internal medicine from Rush-Presbyterian Hospital and Beth Israel Hospital (United States), master’s degree from McGill University (Canada). He is an infectious disease and vaccine trained physician from the Children’s Hospital and Beth Israel Hospital. He has an undergraduate degree in medicine from Harvard. He has experience in developing vaccines and antibody products. He has served as executive vice-president and chief scientific officer of Wyeth Vaccines (now Pfizer). He has served as director of the Massachusetts Public Health Biological Laboratories and as an associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, Dana Farber Cancer Institute. He is a consultant to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Korean Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Gates Foundation, PATH, Wellcome Trust, and EC (ADITEC). He is currently an associate professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins Medical School and chief scientific officer at ClearPath Vaccines Company.